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Pallet Types
Complete guide to pallet styles and configurations
Understanding different pallet types is crucial for selecting the right pallet for your specific application. Each type has unique characteristics that make it suitable for different loads, handling equipment, and storage systems.
Common Pallet Types
Stringer Pallets
The most common pallet type in North America. Uses two or three parallel pieces of timber (stringers) to support the deck boards.
Advantages
- Cost-effective
- Widely available
- Easy to repair
- Compatible with most forklifts
Considerations
- Less durable than block pallets
- Limited four-way entry
- Can split under heavy loads
General warehousing, shipping, storage
Deck boards nailed to stringers running lengthwise
2-way or partial 4-way
Block Pallets
Also called "4-way pallets," these use blocks of solid wood between top and bottom deck boards, allowing forklift entry from all four sides.
Advantages
- True 4-way entry
- More durable
- Better weight distribution
- Longer lifespan
Considerations
- Higher initial cost
- Heavier weight
- More complex repairs
Heavy loads, automated systems, retail
Deck boards supported by 9 blocks (corners, sides, center)
Full 4-way
Double-Face Pallets
Feature deck boards on both top and bottom, providing a stable platform on either side.
Advantages
- Reversible design
- More stable stacking
- Increased durability
Considerations
- Heavier
- More expensive
- Uses more material
Heavy stacking applications, racking systems
Full deck on both faces
Varies (2-way or 4-way)
Single-Face Pallets
Have deck boards on only one side, often used as a base for products or one-way shipping.
Advantages
- Lightweight
- Low cost
- Easy to handle
Considerations
- Cannot be double-stacked
- Limited reusability
Light loads, one-way shipping, display bases
Deck boards on top only
Typically 2-way
Wing Pallets
Deck boards extend beyond the stringers or blocks, creating "wings" that allow strapping of loads without interference.
Advantages
- Easy load securing
- Better stability for odd-shaped loads
Considerations
- Can catch on conveyors
- Wider profile
Beverage industry, bagged products
Extended deck boards on sides
2-way or 4-way
Solid Deck Pallets
Feature a continuous top deck without gaps, ideal for small items that could fall through standard pallets.
Advantages
- No product fall-through
- Sanitary options available
- Smooth surface
Considerations
- Heavier
- More expensive
- Moisture can pool
Small items, food industry, pharmaceutical
Solid plywood or composite top deck
Varies
Wood Types
Hardwood
Oak, Maple, Ash
Dense, durable, heavier, higher cost
Heavy loads, multiple uses, export
Softwood
Pine, Spruce, Fir
Lighter, more affordable, easier to work with
General purpose, one-way shipping
Mixed
Combination of hard and soft
Balance of cost and durability
Most applications
2-Way vs 4-Way Entry
2-Way Entry
Forklifts can only enter from two opposite sides (usually the ends). Stringers run the full length and block side entry.
- • More common with stringer pallets
- • Generally stronger construction
- • Lower cost option
- • Limited maneuverability
4-Way Entry
Forklifts can enter from all four sides, offering maximum flexibility in tight spaces and automated systems.
- • Required for many automated warehouses
- • Better maneuverability
- • Works with all forklift types
- • Higher cost but more versatile
How to Choose the Right Pallet Type
What type of forklift do you use?
Standard forklifts work with 2-way pallets, but if you use pallet jacks or need access from all sides in tight spaces, choose 4-way block pallets.
How heavy are your loads?
For loads over 2,500 lbs, consider block pallets or heavy-duty stringer pallets. Lighter loads can use standard stringer pallets.
Will pallets be stacked?
If pallets will be stacked multiple high, choose double-face pallets for better stability and weight distribution.
Is this for automated systems?
Automated warehouse systems typically require block pallets with consistent dimensions and true 4-way entry.
What is your budget?
Stringer pallets are most cost-effective for general use. Block pallets cost more but last longer and offer more versatility.
Recommended Types by Industry
Grocery & Retail
GMA Stringer Pallets
Standard 48x40 size fits store layouts and trailers. Cost-effective for high volume.
Food & Beverage
Block Pallets or Solid Deck
FDA compliance, sanitary requirements, and spill protection.
Pharmaceutical
Block Pallets (Grade A)
Clean appearance, consistent dimensions, contamination-free.
Automotive
Heavy-Duty Block Pallets
High weight capacity for parts, compatible with automated systems.
Chemical
Solid Deck or Drum Pallets
Spill containment, stability for drums and containers.
E-Commerce
Stringer Pallets
Cost-effective for one-way shipping, easy to source.
Pallet Types FAQ
What is the most common pallet type?
The 48x40 GMA stringer pallet is the most common in North America, accounting for about 35% of all pallets used. It's the standard for grocery and retail industries.
Are block pallets better than stringer pallets?
Block pallets offer advantages like 4-way entry and longer lifespan, but cost more. Stringer pallets are more cost-effective for general use. The "better" choice depends on your specific application.
Can I use different pallet types together?
Yes, but be cautious with stacking. Different pallet types may have different heights and load-bearing points. When racking, ensure all pallets are compatible with your system.
What pallet type is best for export?
Block pallets are often preferred for export as they work with different types of handling equipment worldwide. Ensure any pallet for export is heat-treated (ISPM-15 compliant).
How do I know if I need a custom pallet type?
Consider custom pallets if your products have unusual dimensions, require special load-bearing configurations, or need to fit specific storage or transport systems.
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